LPU customers (Large Power Unit Customers those are supplied by MV/HV feeder and they have private transformer) are very important for utility companies because they are few but their consumption is very high, management of these customers are critical for utility companies because big portion of revenue come from them. Normally this kind of customer already has been equipped with Smart meter and AMR system but AMR system and smart meter cannot guarantee revenue protection for utility companies and improve cash flow because:

1) Commonly all of these equipment include meter, CT and VT are installed in customer property. Access to metering equipment is not feasible for utility company and most of the time smart meter cannot recognize manipulation on wiring, CT, VT.

2) Installed smart meter and AMR system are utilized as post payment (there is always big gap between issuing bill and receiving payment by utility companies).